Frontière·s, Revue d’archéologie, histoire & histoire de l’art, offre un espace de réflexion épistémologique en Open Access aux chercheurs dont les travaux portent sur les sociétés antiques et médiévales. Son objectif est de proposer à la communauté scientifique un support de publication rapide et interdisciplinaire tout en garantissant la rigueur scientifique d’une revue à comité de lecture. Cette initiative est portée par de jeunes chercheurs de la Maison de l’Orient et de la Méditerranée Jean Pouilloux, principal soutien du projet.
Passés politisés
Usages politiques du passé antique et médiéval au xxie siècle
- Politicized Past. Political Uses of the Ancient and Medieval Past in the Twenty-First Century
Edited by Florian Besson, Pauline Ducret and Fabien Bièvre-Perrin
There's nothing new under the sun: in the 21st century, history continues to fuel political debate, national narratives and protest narratives, conservative and progressive discourses, the arguments of one camp and those of its opponents... Historical facts and legacies establish themselves as arguments of authority, considered objective by some, to set boundaries or build bridges, to unite a group or set it against others. Whether they call themselves Reconquête or Renaissance, in a game of opposition that is supposed to reflect the political spectrum, political parties make no mistake when it comes to choosing a name. For this ninth issue of Frontière·s, we have invited authors to look at recent uses of the ancient and medieval past in the development of contemporary political ideologies and practices.
Now a recurring theme among specialists in the reception of Antiquity, the volume opens with rewrites of the history of Sparta on both sides of the North Atlantic: Vivien Barrière and Jean Hedin note the importance of Frank Miller's comic book 300 (1998) and its film adaptation by Zack Snyder (2007) in establishing a US political discourse that makes the Greek city the model of a warlike, eugenicist society, the only bulwark of a West threatened by the enemy from the East; Stéphane François and Adrien Nonjon look at how this is played out in France and Ukraine, focusing on far-right identitarian movements. By drawing attention to a specific use of history, ranging from excavations carried out by a far-right mayor in Romania (Mathieu Mokhtari) to the broadcasting of a Syrian series on the fall of Palmyra and Zenobia (Thomas Richard) to a book published in Marseille (Pierre Vey), the following contributions highlight the plasticity and diversity of situations. History is used as a tool by actors on both sides of the political spectrum; it can be the vehicle of a reactionary discourse that looks to an imaginary past as an ideal model to reproduce (Enki Baptiste), fuel a nationalist appropriation of border areas (Lorette Hehn) or, on the contrary, serve to strengthen a local identity perceived as under threat (Florentin Briffaz).
Contents
Introduction
Passés politisés. Usages politiques du passé antique et médiéval au xxie siècle
- Introduction. Politicized Pasts. Political Uses of the Ancient and Medieval Past in the Twenty-First Century
Mélancolie spartiate. 300 ou la réactivation du mythe de Léonidas pour mobiliser la société contre le déclin de l’Occident
- Spartan Melancholia in 300. Reactivating Leonidas Myth to Mobilize People Against the Decline of the West
« Nous sommes ce que vous fûtes, nous serons ce que vous êtes. »
Sparte et l’extrême droite : comparaison France/Ukraine
- “We Are What You Were, We Will Be What You Are.” Sparta and the Far Right: A Comparison Between France and Ukraine
Louve capitoline ou draco ? Politisation du passé antique et matérialisation de l’autochtonie dans la Roumanie du xxie siècle
- Capitoline Wolf or Draco? Politicizing the Ancient Past and Materializing the Autochthony in Twenty-First Century Romania
Al Ababeed : filmer Zénobie comme une héroïne nationale
- Al Ababeed: filming Zenobia as a national heroine
La principauté médiévale savoyarde
Usages politiques actuels d’une construction dynastique de part et d’autre des Alpes
- The Medieval principality of Savoy. Political and Present Uses of a dynastic construction on both side of the Alps
La sémantique des noms : taxinomie djihadiste et imaginaire médiéval
- Semantic of Names: Djihadist Taxonomy and Medieval Imaginary
République ou commune de Marseille ? Des usages politiques médiévalistes révélateurs de la construction de l’objet historique
- Marseille’s own Republic: a 21st‑century Political Appropriation of the Medieval Commune that Questions the Construction of the Historical Object
Karkemish sur la frontière syro-turque un marqueur au service des ambitions territoriales de l’État turc
- Karkemish on the Syrian-Turkish Border: A Marker for the Territorial Ambitions of the Turkish State
Columns
Panorama – Réception de l’Antiquité et médiévalisme au xxie siècle : ressources et projets en cours
Colloque – Imane Achouche et Sonia Mzali (org.), DIĜIR : Divine, God-desses, Ideologies and Religion
Colloque – James Dodd (org.), Late Roman Fortifications: New Methods and Approaches
Projet – Egypopcult Project. Digital Humanities, Egyptology and Reception Studies in the University of Lisbon
Book reviews
Laura Sageaux (dir.), L’image et sa sémantique. Regards sur les stratégies figuratives dans l’Antiquité
Marie-Hélène Barrière, Apollonia d’Illyrie 2 : La céramique romaine. Les ensembles du secteur G (2009‑2016)
Valentin Baricault, L’espionnage au Moyen Âge
Nicolas Handfield, Julie Le Gac et Chloé Poitras-Raymond (éd.), Femmes en guerre de l’époque médiévale à nos jours
Réjane Roure et Diane Dusseaux (dir.), Gaulois ? Gaulois ! Comment l’archéologie perçoit les identités celtiques
Nicole Maria Brisch et Fumi Karahashi (éd.), Women and Religion in the Ancient Near East and Asia
Marie-Brigitte Carre et Pierre Excoffon (éd.), Les ports dans l’espace méditerranéen antique. Fréjus et les ports maritimes
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