Thesis
posted on 2025-11-19, 22:34 authored by Gemma Green A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Department of History and Archaeology
Macquarie University, August 2024
The roles of t3jtj s3b T3tj ‘he of the curtain, chief justice and vizier’ and wr-m3w (Jwnw) ‘Greatest of Seers (of Heliopolis)’ were two of the most important positions during the Fourth and Fifth Dynasties of Egypt (2543 BCE–2306 BCE). While the vizier was responsible for implementing the orders of the king and overseeing the administration, the Greatest of Seers was the highest priesthood in the Re cult, who became the supreme god during this time. Given the magnitude of these positions, the loyalty and support of the men in these offices was undoubtedly crucial for the strength and stability of both the reigning king and the Egyptian state. While the significance of these roles has long been understood from an administrative standpoint, the officials as individuals are far more ambiguous. Who were the viziers and the High Priests of Re, and what was their background? How did they come to be appointed to some of the highest positions in the Old Kingdom administration? This thesis will seek to understand more about the men employed in the t3jtj s3b T3tj and wr-m3w (Jwnw) offices, why they may have been selected for these positions, and the implications of this on both the monarchy and the Egyptian state more broadly.
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