The time is right for adopting a framework for the protection of cultural heritage.
The J. Paul Getty Trust, prompted by the destruction of cultural
heritage in Syria and Iraq, is enlisting the Global Centre for the
Responsibility to Protect to engage in an educational campaign for the
protection of cultural heritage in conflict zones.
The campaign seeks to raise awareness of UN Member States regarding the
1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the
Event of Armed Conflict and its additional protocols, as well as recent
resolutions by the UN Security Council.
To that end, the J. Paul Getty Trust has initiated a series of papers on culture at risk.
The fifth issue of this series, “UNESCO’s Response to the Rise of Violent Extremism”
written by Irina Bokova, former director-general of UNESCO, focuses on
the value that UNESCO can bring to the fight to protect cultural
heritage. During her two terms at UNESCO, Bokova worked to promote
international peace and cooperation by raising awareness of the value of
cultural heritage and partnering with local communities to rebuild and
revitalize their damaged heritage—and themselves. One of Bokova’s most
successful campaigns, #Unite4Heritage, has created a global social
network of people who are sharing stories, knowledge, and personal
experiences about their heritage in an effort to challenge the
hate-filled narratives put forward by extremists and keep threatened
cultures alive and vital.
Irina Bokova is a Bulgarian politician and was director-general of UNESCO from 2009 to 2017.
The fourth volume of the J. Paul Getty Trust Occasional Papers in Cultural Heritage Policy is the result of a multiday discussion on the issue of cultural heritage under siege. “Cultural Heritage under Siege”
features an edited collection of papers and discussions by nineteen
scholars and practitioners of different specialties in the field of
cultural heritage.
James Cuno assumed his current position as President
and CEO of the J. Paul Getty Trust in August 2011. He has held teaching
positions at Vassar College, UCLA, Dartmouth, and Harvard, and served
as Director of UCLA’s Grunwald Center of the Graphic Arts (1986–89),
Dartmouth’s Hood Museum of Art (1989–91), Harvard University Art Museums
(1991–2002), Director and Professor of the Courtauld Institute of Art,
University of London (2002–04), and President and Director of the Art
Institute of Chicago (2004–11).
Thomas G. Weiss is Presidential Professor of
Political Science at the City University of New York’s Graduate Center
and Director Emeritus of the Ralph Bunche Institute for International
Studies. He also is Co-Chair, Cultural Heritage at Risk Project, J. Paul
Getty Trust; Distinguished Fellow, Global Governance, The Chicago
Council on Global Affairs; and Global Eminence Scholar, Kyung Hee
University, Korea.
In the third issue of the J. Paul Getty Trust Occasional Papers in Cultural Heritage Policy, philosophers Helen Frowe and Derek Matravers discuss the appropriate response to attacks on cultural heritage in their paper “Conflict and Cultural Heritage: A Moral Analysis of the Challenges of Heritage Protection.”
While Frowe and Matravers acknowledge the importance of cultural
heritage, they caution that we must carefully consider the complex moral
dimensions of forcefully protecting it—namely, the endangerment of
human lives—before formulating international policy.
Helen Frowe is Professor of Practical Philosophy and
Wallenberg Academy Fellow at Stockholm University, where she directs
the Stockholm Centre for the Ethics of War and Peace.
Derek Matravers is Professor of Philosophy at the Open University and a senior member of Darwin College, Cambridge.
“Cultural Genocide and the Protection of Cultural Heritage”
examines the various lenses through which the international community
defines attacks on cultural heritage—legal, accountability, security,
counterterrorism, and atrocity prevention—and proposes a sixth, cultural
genocide, that can be used to recast the debate over how to best
protect the world’s cultural heritage.
Edward C. Luck (1948–2021) was Arnold A. Saltzman
Professor of Professional Practice and Director of the Specialization in
International Conflict Resolution, School of International and Public
Affairs (SIPA), Columbia University. From 2008 to 2012, he served as
United Nations assistant secretary-general and as the first special
adviser to the UN secretary-general for the responsibility to protect
(R2P).
“Cultural Cleansing and Mass Atrocities: Protecting Cultural Heritage in Armed Conflict Zones”
addresses the connection between cultural heritage and cultural
cleansing, mass atrocities, and the destruction of cultural heritage.
Pulling together various threads of discourse and research, Cultural
Cleansing and Mass Atrocities outlines the issues, challenges, and
options effecting change.
Thomas G. Weiss is Presidential Professor of
Political Science at the City University of New York’s Graduate Center
and Director Emeritus of the Ralph Bunche Institute for International
Studies. He also is Co-Chair, Cultural Heritage at Risk Project, J. Paul
Getty Trust; Distinguished Fellow, Global Governance, The Chicago
Council on Global Affairs; and Global Eminence Scholar, Kyung Hee
University, Korea.
Nina Connelly is a research associate at the Ralph
Bunche Institute of the City University of New York's Graduate Center,
where she is researching international development and the United
Nations.
The AWOL Index: The bibliographic data presented herein has been programmatically extracted from the content of AWOL - The Ancient World Online (ISSN 2156-2253) and formatted in accordance with a structured data model.
AWOL is a project of Charles E. Jones, Tombros Librarian for Classics and Humanities at the Pattee Library, Penn State University
AWOL began with a series of entries under the heading AWOL on the Ancient World Bloggers Group Blog. I moved it to its own space here beginning in 2009.
The primary focus of the project is notice and comment on open access material relating to the ancient world, but I will also include other kinds of networked information as it comes available.
The ancient world is conceived here as it is at the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World at New York University, my academic home at the time AWOL was launched. That is, from the Pillars of Hercules to the Pacific, from the beginnings of human habitation to the late antique / early Islamic period.
AWOL is the successor to Abzu, a guide to networked open access data relevant to the study and public presentation of the Ancient Near East and the Ancient Mediterranean world, founded at the Oriental Institute, University of Chicago in 1994. Together they represent the longest sustained effort to map the development of open digital scholarship in any discipline.
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