Thursday, September 22, 2016

Open Access articles on Archaeology and Classical Studies from Oxford Handbooks Online

Open Access articles on Archaeology and Classical Studies from Oxford Handbooks Online

Archaeology

The Archaeology of Amarna  


Anna Stevens

This essay assesses the body of archaeological research connected to the New Kingdom settlement site of Amarna (ancient Akhetaten), the short-lived capital of Egypt founded by king ... More

Bronze Age Mongolia  

Jean-Luc Houle

This article discusses the Bronze Age in Mongolia, a period when pastoralism, mobility, and interaction between regional communities increased dramatically. It also corresponds to the ... More

Compositional Analysis in Archaeology  

Michael D. Glascock

Compositional analysis in archaeology involves the analysis and interpretation of chemical fingerprints obtained from archaeological materials. The primary objective of compositional ... More

Egypt and the Mediterranean in the Bronze Age: The Archaeological Evidence  

Bettina Bader

This chapter provides an overview of possible types of cultural contact between Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean and of the available sources, both archaeological and textual, and their ... More

Egyptian Archaeology and Social Anthropology  

Richard Bussmann

The article explores anthropological perspectives on pharaonic Egypt (ca. 3300–332 BCE). Central authority absorbed economic resources via local temples but had no interest in penetrating ... More

Egyptian Archaeology and the Museum  

Alice Stevenson

The relationship between excavation and museums is often assumed to be linear, with artifacts removed from the field and transferred to a museum. This article, however, envisages a more ... More

Glass Tools in Archaeology: Material and Technological Change  

Andrew Martindale and Irena Jurakic

Glass that appears in archaeological contexts outside of the communities of its production and shows use as toolstone for lithic-like industries can be described as remanufactured. Such ... More

The IFAO Excavations at Deir el-Medina  

Cédric Gobeil

Through a thorough examination of the archive kept in the Institut français d’archéologie orientale (the French Archaeological Institute in Cairo; hereafter IFAO), this chapter details the ... More

The Neolithic of the Caucasus  

Christine Chataigner, Ruben Badalyan, and Makoto Arimura

This article presents our current state of knowledge on the Neolithic of the Caucasus based on reviews of previous and continuing research. In this region, this period has generally been ... More

The Norse in Iceland  

Davide Marco Zori

The Norse discovery and settlement of Iceland in the late ninth century AD offers a test case for the study of human impacts on previously unoccupied landscapes and the formation of new ... More

North America  

Charles R. Cobb and Randall H. McGuire

This article examines the archaeology of North America. It highlights the variability in North American Native American cultures, ethnic groups, and languages and discusses ... More

The Origins and Early Development of Writing in Egypt  

Ilona Regulski

The Egyptian writing system represents one of the oldest recorded languages known to humankind, along with Sumerian. But the system took centuries to adapt to what we now regard as its ... More

Radiocarbon Dating and Egyptian Chronology—From the “Curve of Knowns” to Bayesian Modeling  

Felix Höflmayer

Radiocarbon dating has become a standard dating method in archaeology almost all over the world. However, in the field of Egyptology and Near Eastern archaeology, the method is still not ... More

The Social Impact of Trade and Migration: The Western Desert in Pharaonic and Post-Pharaonic Egypt  


Anna Lucille Boozer

Egypt’s Western Desert is located on the fringes of Egypt proper. Despite its remote location, the Western Desert inhabitants connected with people in the Nile Valley and more distant ... More
Classical Studies

Affect and Emotion in Greek Literature  


David Konstan

This article examines the way the ancient Greeks conceived of the emotions. Special attention is paid to the differences between classical Greek and modern English conceptions, in line ... More

Ecphrasis: Visual and Verbal Interactions in Ancient Greek and Latin Literature  

Michael Squire

This essay explores the intersections between ancient and modern notions of ecphrasis (defined by Imperial Greek rhetoricians as “a descriptive speech” that “brings the subject shown ... More

Egyptian Law, Saite to Roman Periods  

Sandra Lippert

This article treats the development of the Egyptian legal system from the Saite to the Roman period (664 BCE to about 150 CE). It addresses the much-disputed question of whether one can ... More

Globalization, Transnationalism, and the Local in Ancient Greece  

Christel Müller

This article examines the idea that Greek poleis were interconnected in different types of networks and that localism and the notion of the local are byproducts of globalism. It considers ... More

Greek Literature in Contemporary Political Theory and Thought  

Demetra Kasimis

This article explores the uses of Greek literature, philosophy, and politics in contemporary political theory. It explains that, since the second half of the 20th century, the study and ... More

Latin Didactic, Scientific, and Technical Literature  

Courtney Roby

Roman authors developed a rich and creative literature in Latin on a wide range of scientific and technical subjects, intended for a variety of readerships and spanning many different ... More

Money and Prices in the Papyri, Ptolemaic Period  

Sitta von Reden

This article examines developments in money and prices in Egypt during the Ptolemaic period based on numismatic and papyrological evidence. It first considers the introduction, spread, and ... More

The Natural World in Greek Literature and Philosophy  

Mark Payne

This chapter examines the role of the natural world in ancient Greek literature and philosophy by way of Schiller’s claim, in “On Naïve and Sentimental Poetry,” that there was a ... More

Naucratis  

Myrto Malouta

This chapter traces the history of Naucratis and highlights the city’s main characteristics, arranged thematically. Naucratis represents the first instance of organized Greek presence ... More

Philology and Greek Literature  

Sean Gurd

This essay provides an overview of the recent revival of interest in philology (a discipline in which both textual criticism and interpretation are at home). Although Greek and Latin have ... More

The Places of Roman Isis: Between Egyptomania, Politics, and Religion  

Lauren Hackworth Petersen

This article examines ancient Rome’s ties to Egypt via the goddess Isis. More specifically, it considers the political meanings of Isis and her place in Roman religion and ritual. It first ... More

The Predictive Sciences: Measuring and Forecasting Weather Conditions  

Daryn Lehoux

This article examines the science and folklore of Greek and Roman methods of weather prediction, dividing techniques into astrometeorological practices (those that looked at the motions of ... More

The Ptolemaic Army  

Christelle Fischer-Bovet

This essay discusses the recruitment and payment of soldiers, as well as the ethnic composition, organization, and training of the Ptolemaic army, through the examination of papyri, of ... More

Roman Military Culture  

Lindsay Allason-Jones

A significant proportion of the people who lived in Roman Britain were linked to the military either as soldiers, dependants or suppliers. Did the objects these people used in their daily ... More

The Roman Republic  

Olli Salomies

The purpose of this chapter is to illustrate the range and distinctive features of Latin republican epigraphy. It focuses on inscriptions from the last century or so of the Republic (c. ... More

Social Relations and Constructions of Social Identity among Roman Non-Elites  

Jerry Toner

This article discusses the social relations of the Roman non-elite in two overlapping areas: the modes of behaviour that governed their communication and relations with each other; and the ... More

Taxation in the Achaemenid Empire  

Kristin Kleber

The present contribution treats taxation in the Achaemenid, or First Persian, Empire, which lasted from 538 to 330 b.c.e. Its focus lies on information derived from the cuneiform texts ... More

Taxation in the Greco-Roman World: The Roman Principate  

Sven Günther

The article deals with the different taxes that were exacted in the Roman Principate. It analyzes not only the different concepts of taxation with a differentiation between tributa, ... More

Technologies of Knowledge: Pharmacology, Botany, and Medical Recipes  

Laurence M.V. Totelin

This article presents an overview of the main questions in the history of Greek and Roman pharmacology and botany. It presents the actors in the transmission of pharmacological and ... More

Theorization, Measurement, and Standardization of Calendrical Time  

Robert Hannah

This article initially considers the sociology of time in general. It presents a framework of four aspects of time—time frame, timing, temporality, and tempo—derived from the work of ... More

Time, Tense, and Temporality in Ancient Greek Historiography  

Jonas Grethlein

One of the most important trends in recent scholarship on ancient historiography is to explore how historical meaning is constructed through the form of narrative. This essay argues that ... More

Travel in the Roman World  


Robert L. Cioffi

This article examines Roman travel. It seeks to show how deeply travel was woven into the fabric of the ancient world and how many aspects of the Roman experience relate to it. Rather than ... More

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