Open Access Journal: Hebrew Higher Education: A Journal for Methodology and Pedagogy For Teaching of Hebrew Language and Literature in the University

[First posted in AWOL 27 August 2014, updated 18  June 2022]

Hebrew Higher Education: A Journal for Methodology and Pedagogy For Teaching of Hebrew Language and Literature in the University
ISSN: 1058-3351

Formerly published as The Bulletin of Higher Education. Issued by the National Association of Professors of Hebrew.

Hebrew Higher Education 24 (2022) - Current volume

ARTICLES

Tamar Sovran & Shmuel Bolozky

תבל אחת ויקומים הרבה – אספקטים של סְפירוּת וריבוי בעברית

Yona Gilead

דינמיקת הוראה ורכישה של עברית מודרנית כשפה נוספת: עשרה מאפיינים עיקריים

Mor Deshen and Nava Neria Cohen

קריאה ויזואלית של טקסטים: תאוריית הקידוד הכפול בהוראת התנ"ך

Douglas Smith

TECHNOLOGY IN THE BIBLICAL HEBREW CLASSROOM: AN EVALUATION OF TOOLS FOR FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS

Rahel Halabe

THE INTRODUCTION TO BIBLICAL HEBREW ON A PENDULUM SWING: BUT WHAT’S NEXT?

Aadel Shakkour & Abed al-Rahman Mar’i

INFLUENCE OF THE MOTHER TONGUE ON THE WRITTEN HEBREW OF STUDENTS FROM THE GAZA STRIP

Post Pandemic Face to Face and Remote Teaching

Ruth Ben-Yehuda Adler (Introduction)

על למידה מרחוק

Ruth Ben-Yehuda Adler

היערכות המורה להוראה מקוונת

Mira Angrist

למידת שפה מבוססת משחק ומשחוק בלמידה מרחוק

Shiri Goren

פדגוגיה של אחרי המגיפה

Goni Tishler

השימוש ב"חדרים" לחיזוק דיבור שוטף על בסיס ערכת הלימוד בראש ובראשונה: עברית לרמת מתחילים ועוד
מאת גוני טישלר ועטרת ירדן-ברק

Efrat Borochovsky Kuris & Yael Ben-Zion Kohanovitch

שימוש בכלי תרפיה בקול בהוראת שפה זרה

Iris Alfi-Shabtay

הערכה, התערבות וקידום בלשון שניה: מודל פסיכו-לינגוויסטי חינוכי

 

REVIEWS

Ganit Mayer, review of:

מפה לשם א' – מבחנים ופתרונות מאת אסתי סימונס ונועה וינברג

Nimrod Shatil, review of: 

DICTIONARY OF HEBREW NOUNS by Shmuel Bolozky

David Marcus, review of:       

BIBLICAL ARAMAIC FOR BIBLICAL INTERPRETERS: A PARALLEL HEBREW-ARAMAIC HANDBOOK by Scott N. Callaham

Jonathan Friedman, review of:

THE ANNOTATED PASSOVER HAGGADAH by Zev Garber and Kenneth Hanson

Naomi Sokoloff, review of: 

Agnon’s Tales of the Land of Israel, Edited by Jeffrey Saks and Shalom Carmy

Shamir Yona, review of: 

ומלך אין בישראל – משפט ופוליטיקה בסוף ספר שופטים מאת עומר מינקה

Esther Raizen, Review of:

יעקב שכביץ (תר"ד-תרצ"ג): איש העלייה הראשונה כחרש תרבות  מאת שרה זיו

Crystal L. Melara, Review of:

GETTING TO GRIPS WITH BIBLICAL HEBREW: AN INTRODUCTORY TEXTBOOK. By David L. Baker. 

Ruth Ben-Yehuda Adler. Review of:

עושים עניין טקסטים, תחביר ופועל לרמת הביניים מאת גלי הומינר, וצוקי שי

Yael Shemesh, Review of:

המקרא בפרשנות חז"ל – יונה, מהדורת מנחם בן-ישר ויצחק ש' פנקובר

Nitsa Dori, Review of:

לשון השירה בין שמים וארץ מאת בת-ציון ימיני

Karen Grumberg, Review of: 

FLESH OF MY FLESH: SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN MODERN HEBREW LITERATURE, by Ilana Szobel

Sheila E. Jelen, Review of: 

HEBREW INFUSION (by Sarah Bunin Benor, Jonathan Krasner & Sharon Avni) AND INSIDE JEWISH DAY SCHOOLS (Alex Pomson & Jack Wertheimer): AMERICAN JEWISH EDUCATION TODAY

 

CONFERENCE REPORT

Michal Fram Cohen:

REPORT ON THE 26TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE WESTERN JEWISH STUDIES ASSOCIATION

Avital Karpman

GENDER-INCLUSIVE AND NONBINARY HEBREW: INNOVATIONS AND CLASSROOM APPLICATIONS: SUMMARY OF A MARCH 13, 2022 CONFERENCE

Hebrew Higher Education 23 (2021)

• Complete 2021 volume can be viewed HERE.
• To view individual article and reviews, please visit HHE 23 (2021) page

Hebrew Higher Education 22 (2020)

• Complete 2020 volume can be viewed HERE.
• To view individual articles and reviews, please visit HHE 22 (2020) page.

Hebrew Higher Education 21 (2019)

• Complete 2019 volume can be viewed HERE.
• To view individual articles and reviews, please visit HHE 21 (2019) page.

Hebrew Higher Education 20 (2018)

• Complete 2018 volume can be viewed here.
• To view individual articles and reviews in this volume (20, 2018), please visit Interact with HHE Articles 2018 page

Hebrew Higher Education 19 (2017)

• Hebrew Higher Education 19 (2017) Full Volume - Click HERE to download and/or view entire journal.
• To view individual articles and reviews in this volume (19, 2017), please visit Interact with HHE Articles page.

• 
  

See AWOL's full List of Open Access Journals in Ancient Studies

Inscriptions of Israel/Palestine

[First posted in AWOL 17 June 2013, updated 197 March 2022] 

 
The Inscriptions of Israel/Palestine

The Inscriptions of Israel/Palestine project seeks to collect and make freely accessible all of the previously published inscriptions (and their English translations) of Israel/Palestine from the Persian period through the Islamic conquest (ca. 500 BCE - 640 CE). Epigraphy is the study of such inscriptions, defined as texts written on durable materials (except for coins, which falls under the academic category of numismatics). There are about 10,000 of these inscriptions, written primarily in Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek and Latin, by Jews, Christians, Greeks, and Romans. They range from imperial declarations on monumental architecture to notices of donations in synagogues to humble names scratched on ossuaries, and include everything in between.

These inscriptions are an invaluable resource for historical investigation, for they provide information that is frequently not available in the extant literary texts. Recently, for example, scholars have used these inscriptions to:

• Reconstruct the ancient Roman road system throughout Israel/Palestine, thus revising our understanding of trade routes and the economy;
• Investigate the involvement of the Roman government in municipal building projects;
• Revise our understanding of the Bar-Kokhba Revolt, suggesting that the revolt was far more serious than we previously thought;
• Recover the role (and perhaps even voices) of women in Jewish and Christian communities - voices that otherwise are silent in the literary record; -Provide insight into linguistic use and change in the area.

Some examples of the kind of information that inscriptions provide about the ancient world can be found on our "Stories" page. Please take a look and tell us what you think!

All inscriptions are encoded according to Epidoc guidelines.

The DOI of the project is: 10.26300/pz1d-st89 (https://doi.org/10.26300/pz1d-st89)

• About
• Search
• Stories
• Resources
• Contact
  

 

Open Access Journal: Iggeret: The official newsletter of the National Association of Professors of Hebrew

[First posted in AWOL 26 October 2017, updated 16 August 2021]

Iggeret: The official newsletter of the National Association of Professors of Hebrew

Founded in 1950, The National Association of Professors of Hebrew (NAPH) is dedicated to the advancement of scholarship and academic teaching Hebrew language, literature and culture of all periods, from the biblical era to the immediate present. Membership consists of Hebrew scholars, teachers and graduate students in universities, colleges and seminaries all over the world. NAPH convenes an annual International Conference on Hebrew Language, Literature and Culture. It also organizes a series of sessions at the annual conference of the Society for Biblical Literature. NAPH publishes Hebrew Studies, an internationally recognized scholarly journal covering all periods of Hebrew language, literature and culture. It also publishes Higher Hebrew Education, an online journal devoted to the methodology and pedagogy of teaching Hebrew in institutions of higher learning. In addition, NAPH sponsors Eta Beta Rho, a national scholastic honors society for students of Hebrew in institutions of higher learning.

Iggeret 78, 2006

Iggeret 79, 2007

Iggeret 80, 2008

Iggeret 81, 2009

Iggeret 82, 2010

Iggeret 83, 2011

Iggeret 84, 2012

Iggeret 85, 2013

Iggeret 86 2014

Iggeret 87 2015

Iggeret 88 2016

Iggeret 89 2017

Iggeret 90 2018

Iggeret 91 2019

Iggeret 92 2020 Current Issue

See AWOL's full List of Open Access Journals in Ancient Studies

Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (SDBH)

Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (SDBH)

The Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (henceforth SDBH) project is carried out under the auspices of the United Bible Societies. It was launched in the year 2000. Its aim is to build a new dictionary of biblical Hebrew that is based on semantic domains, comparable to Louw and Nida’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, which was first published in 1989.

Preliminary research for this project was carried out by Reinier de Blois which resulted in a dissertation, titled Towards a New Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew Based on Semantic Domains, from which much of the contents of this document has been derived (de Blois 2000). In addition to this a computer tool called Vocabula was developed, that can assist the Hebrew lexicographer in his/her effort to create such a dictionary.

Several Hebrew scholars from different parts of the world are contributing to this dictionary. The editor for this project is Dr. Reinier de Blois, assisted by Prof. Dr. Enio R. Mueller.

Several sample entries have been published on the web and more will be published as soon as they become available. There is always room for improvement and therefore users are invited to send their comments to the editor. If you want to have a look at the entries that have been published so far click here

Editor: Reinier de Blois, with the assistance of Enio R. Mueller
© United Bible Societies 2000-2020; latest update: 2020-02-24
Work in progress – your comments are welcome. Click here to get help! 

Project

Organization    Theoretical     Framework

Dictionary

Sample entries

Tools for Studying the Hebrew Bible

 [First posted in AWOL 1 July 2015, updated 12 August 2020]

Tools for Studying the Hebrew Bible
By Marc Brettler

This site aims to teach students how to use a set of specialized tools for the study of the Hebrew text of the Hebrew Bible (henceforth, the Bible). These are different from the tools used for modern Hebrew because the languages are substantially different, and because the study of ancient texts, written in "dead" or "literary" languages, such as BH (biblical Hebrew), is fundamentally different from the study of modern languages.  The types of tools presented here include:

1. Scholarly Editions of the Hebrew Bible
2. Lexica
3. Grammars
4. Concordances: Electronic and Paper
5. Other Research Tools

I have also included some helpful exercises designed to help students learn how to use the major scholarly tools, as well as some other tools that the beginning and intermediate student of biblical Hebrew may find useful; you can navigate among these by using the toolbar on the left [below].

• Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia
• Additional Scholarly Bible Editions
• Lexica
• Grammars
• Concordances
• Exercises
• Electronic Resources
• Research Tools
• English-Hebrew Glossary
• Hebrew-English Glossary
• Hebrew Chapter and Verse Numbers
• The Name of God
• Parshanut Glossary
• Sitemap

And see also AWOL's  list of

Open Access Textbooks and Language Primers Relating to the Ancient World

Semantics of Ancient Hebrew Database Project: an international collaborative research project

[First posted in AWOL 1 August 2013, updated 25 September 2018]

Semantics of Ancient Hebrew Database Project: an international collaborative research project

The Semantics of Ancient Hebrew Database project aims to provide a structured and critical survey of scholarly literature on the vocabulary of classical Hebrew. As it grows, it will offer an in-depth resource to complement traditional dictionaries, and also provide pointers to further research. This international, cooperative project involves a growing number of research centres with coordination provided by Leiden.

Read the foundational description of the project (1994); or see the data structure for lexeme entries.

The currently participating centres include the following universities: Bonn, Cambridge, Edinburgh, Florence, Oxford, Leiden, Rome.

Menu

• Lexeme Index
• Lexemes in Preparation
• Project Information
• Project Description (1994)
• Project Updates
• Publications
• Site Information
• SAHD Online Search
• Font Help
• Contact

Open Access Journal: Exegetical Tools Quarterly

Exegetical Tools Quarterly
ISSN: 2378-4849

The Exegetical Tools Quarterly is resource-driven, including book reviews, featured resources, new books, research resources, and current issues. 

The Table of Contents is fully clickable. Find a title you're interested in and click it. In the top right of every page is a "Back to Table of Contents" link to take you right back to the Table of Contents to find more entries that interest you.

Exegetical Tools Quarterly 2.2 (2016)

Our second issue of 2016 featuring new Greek resources, tips for improving your productivity, new reviews, and more.

Download Now! 

Exegetical Tools Quarterly 2.1 (2016)

Several new motivational Greek posts, books of the week, new research resources (including how to get published in journals), discussions of current academic issues, and more.

Download Now! 

Exegetical Tools Quarterly 1.2 (2015)

Seven new Greek posts to help keep you in the language and learn some new aspects of it. Lots of book reviews, discussions of current academic issues, and more.

Download Now! 

Exegetical Tools Quarterly 1.1 (2015)

Our inaugural issue features a multitude of new resources, book reviews, new books, discussions of current academic issues, and three new annotated bibliographies to help you with your research.

Download Now!

See AWOL's full List of Open Access Journals in Ancient Studies

Open Access Journal: Biblical Hebrew eZine

[First posted in AWOL 10 June 2016, updated 12 May 2018]

Biblical Hebrew eZine

April, 2018
Issue #085

In This Issue

Biblical Hebrew Word - Roads, Streets and Paths
Modern Hebrew Word - Crocodile
Featured AHRC Product - The Torah
Name Study - Moses
Verse Study - Genesis 3:18
Q & A - The Letter E
In the News - Dead Sea Scrolls Exhibit
MT Excerpt - Genesis 21:1-10
AHRC Excerpt - Hieroglyphic Hyksos Hoax
AHRC Updates
Comments & Editorial

eZine Archives  

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		Biblical Hebrew Word	Modern Hebrew Word	Hebrew Name	Question
085	Apr, 2018	Roads, Streets and Paths	Crocodile	Moses	The Letter E	PDF	HTML
084	Mar, 2018	Resurrection	Science	Aramnaharaim	Hammurabi	PDF	HTML
083	Feb, 2018	Daughter-in-law	Earth	Hosea	Yasha	PDF	HTML
082	Jan, 2018	Friend	Church	Philistine	Nikkudot	PDF	HTML
081	Dec, 2017	Earth	Airport	Og	Yehovah	PDF	HTML
080	Nov, 2017	Breath	Dead Sea Scrolls	Jordan	Pictographs	PDF	HTML
079	Aug, 2017	Work(8)	Telephone	Jericho	Septuagint	PDF	HTML
078	Jul, 2017	Work(7)	Kilometer	Aviyad	Circle	PDF	HTML
077	May, 2017	Work(6)	Taxi	Josiah	Translations	PDF	HTML
076	Mar, 2017	Work(5)	Shekel	Nun	Son or Children	PDF	HTML
075	Feb, 2017	Work(4)	Market	Joshua	G-d & L-RD	PDF	HTML
074	Aug, 2016	Work(3)	Police	Ezekiel	Verb Tenses?	PDF	HTML
073	Jun, 2016	Work(2)	Restaurant	Jeremiah	Lamed-Nun?	PDF	HTML
072	May, 2016	Work(1)	Hotel	Isaiah	ת in ונשתחוה?	PDF	HTML
071	Nov, 2015	Name	Kibbutz	Jeshua	And or then?	PDF	HTML
070	Sep, 2015	Give	פִּיצָה	Immanuel	The name Israel?	PDF	HTML
069	Jan, 2015	Serve	News	Azariah	Selfsame?	PDF	HTML
068	Apr, 2014	Obey	Gender	Mishael	Letter Hey?	PDF	HTML
067	Oct, 2013	Keep	Services	Hananiah	Angel wings?	PDF	HTML
066	Jun, 2013	Walk	How are you?	Matthias	Pictographs?	PDF	HTML
065	Feb, 2013	Tanniyn	USA	Judas	Religion?	PDF	HTML
064	Jun, 2012	Mighty	L'hitra'ot	Simon	YHWH Kneeling?	PDF	HTML
063	Jan, 2012	Psalm	Army	Thaddeus	Sign on Cross?	PDF	HTML
062	Dec, 2011	Stone	Fruit	Thomas	Alone?	PDF	HTML
061	Oct, 2011	Sin	Meal	Matthew	Earth & Sun?	PDF	HTML
060	Jul, 2011	Congregation	Sabra	Bartholomew	Authors?	PDF	HTML
059	Apr, 2011	Tell	Machine	Philip	Paragogic Nun?	PDF	HTML
058	Mar, 2011	Grace	Letter	John	One speech?	PDF	HTML
057	Dec, 2010	Law	School	James	Yehu'ah?	PDF	HTML
056	Sep, 2010	Iniquity	Verb	Andrew	Names of gods?	PDF	HTML
055	Jul, 2010	Say	Knesset	Peter	Best Books 2	PDF	HTML
054	Jun, 2010	Neck	Tiqvah	Apostle	Best Books	PDF	HTML
053	May, 2010	Gut	Jungle	Lemech	Henotheism	PDF	HTML
052	Feb, 2010	Offering	Shalom	Enoch	Concrete Thought	PDF	HTML
051	July, 2009	Ox	Parshah	Jared	Oversize Letters	PDF	HTML
050	May, 2009	Buck	Miqra	Mahalaleel	Compass Points	PDF	HTML
049	Apr, 2009	Oil	Aliyah	Cainan	Best Book	PDF	HTML
048	Nov, 2008	Scroll	Synagogue	Enosh	A Serpent	PDF	HTML
047	Oct, 2008	Tree	Miqveh	Manasseh	Typing Hebrew	PDF	HTML
046	Sep, 2008	Eleph	Sleehhah	Benjamin	Translit	PDF	HTML
045	Aug, 2008	Salvation	Computer	Joseph	Anc & Mod	PDF	HTML
044	Jul, 2008	Pardes	N/A	Zebulun	Help meet	PDF	HTML
043	Jun, 2008	Come	N/A	Issachar	One language	PDF	HTML
042	May, 2008	Unclean	N/A	Asher	Like a Lion	PDF	HTML
041	Feb, 2008	Forgive	N/A	Gad	Months	PDF	HTML
040	Jan, 2008	One	N/A	Naphtali	Mezuzah	PDF	HTML
039	Aug, 2007	Slave	N/A	Dan	400 or 430	PDF	HTML
038	Jul, 2007	Sick	N/A	Levi	Hebrew Words	PDF	HTML
037	Jun, 2007	Firmament	N/A	Simeon	Greek word pun	PDF	HTML
036	May, 2007	Ancient	N/A	Reuben	You will die	PDF	HTML
035	Jan, 2007	Heaven	N/A	Zebulun	Reversing Vav	PDF	HTML
034	Dec, 2006	Shemesh	N/A	Issachar	His or its	PDF	HTML
033	Nov, 2006	Clean	N/A	Mizraim	Lend and Borrow	PDF	HTML
032	Oct, 2006	The Way	N/A	N/A	N/A	PDF	HTML
031	Sep, 2006	Ark	N/A	Hadassah	The Word Pas	PDF	HTML
030	Aug, 2006	Image	N/A	Job	Vav vs. Waw	PDF	HTML
029	Jul, 2006	Knowledge	N/A	Satan	Science	PDF	HTML
028	Jun, 2006	Fear	N/A	Gabriel	Final Letters	PDF	HTML
027	May, 2006	Wise	N/A	Aharon	Subdue	PDF	HTML
026	Apr, 2006	Nehhoshet	N/A	Ishma'el	Bone of bones	PDF	HTML
025	Mar, 2006	She'ol	N/A	Ashterot	Learning Hebrew	PDF	HTML
024	Feb, 2006	Command	N/A	Babel	Verb Forms	PDF	HTML
023	Jan, 2006	Prayer (3)	N/A	John	The Mark	PDF	HTML
022	Dec, 2005	Prayer (2)	N/A	Nimrod	False gods	PDF	HTML
021	Nov, 2005	Prayer (1)	N/A	Solomon	Best Translation	PDF	HTML
020	Oct, 2005	Savior	N/A	Moab	Learning Hebrew	PDF	HTML
019	Sep, 2005	Shalom	N/A	Michael	Oldest book	PDF	HTML
018	Aug, 2005	Righteous	N/A	Shem	Earth Age	PDF	HTML
017	Jul, 2005	Voice	N/A	Shinar	heavens	PDF	HTML
016	Jun, 2005	Lie	N/A	Sarah	heaven/earth	PDF	HTML
015	May, 2005	Halel	N/A	Cain and Abel	Firmament	PDF	HTML
014	Apr, 2005	Faith	N/A	Canaan	Plurals	PDF	HTML
013	Mar, 2005	Worship	N/A	Mt. Sinai	Kiss the Son	PDF	HTML
012	Feb, 2005	Soul	N/A	Red Sea	Acrostics	PDF	HTML
011	Jan, 2005	Messiah	N/A	Egypt	Resources	PDF	HTML
010	Dec, 2004	Trust	N/A	Methuselah	King David	PDF	HTML
009	Nov, 2004	Life	N/A	Judah	Hand of God	PDF	HTML
008	Oct, 2004	Bara (fill)	N/A	Jerusalem	Right-Left	PDF	HTML
007	Sep, 2004	Barah (food)	N/A	Noah	God's Gender	PDF	HTML
006	Aug, 2004	Bar (cont.)	N/A	Elijah	1st C. Hebrew	PDF	HTML
005	Jul, 2004	Bar (grain)	N/A	Seth	Jew/Hebrew	PDF	HTML
004	Jun, 2004	Adar (order)	N/A	Abraham	Book names	PDF	HTML
003	May, 2004	Seder (order)	N/A	Eber	N/A	PDF	HTML
002	Apr, 2004	Davar (order)	N/A	Israel	N/A	PDF	HTML
001	Mar, 2004	Dor (order)	N/A	Adam	N/A	PDF	HTML

See the full List of Open Access Journals in Ancient Studies

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biblicalhumanities.org

biblicalhumanities.org

biblicalhumanities.org is a community of computer scientists, Bible scholars, and digital humanists collaborating to create open digital resources for biblical studies. Our emphasis is on open resources for biblical languages, such as morphologically tagged texts, treebanks, and lexicons. We hope that these resources will be used widely for teaching, research, and resources used to read and study the Bible.

We are working to grow a community, not to own it or control it. We try to track resources that exist, create resources that are missing, and help people coordinate with others who are working on similar things to maximize interoperability and minimize duplication of effort. See our dashboard for an overview of these resources. We are now beginning to create standards to maximize interoperability among resources.
In addition, we sponsor two online forums for discussing biblical languages:

• The B-Greek Forum
• The B-Hebrew Foru

About  

Guidelines

Dashboard  

Base texts

• Nestle 1904 Greek New Testament
  • Diego Santos (.odt, .pdf): Text of the Nestle 1904 Greek New Testament. Used in morphologically tagged texts and treebanks listed below. Not under source code control.
• SBL Greek New Testament
  • SBLGNT (XML, OSIS, text, several other formats): High quality critical text created by Logos Software and the Society of Biblical Literature. Note the license, which imposes conditions on downstream works that use it.
• Greek New Testament - Byzantine Text
  • byztxt.com: Robinson-Pierpoint Byzantine text, a Majority Text.
• Codex Sinaiticus
  • Codex Sinaiticus: Codex Sinaiticus, presented on an impressive website that offers downloads of their XML data.
• Swete’s Septuagint
  • OpenGreekAndLatin Machine-corrected version of Swetes Septuagint.
• Migne’s Patrologia Graeca
  • OpenGreekAndLatin Massive collection of Church Fathers. See description on Wikipedia.
• Cramer’s Catenae
  • OpenGreekAndLatin (XML): For each verse, lists any comments that the early Fathers made on that verse.
• Sefaria
  • Sefaria (JSON): A wonderful collection of Jewish texts containing Tanakh, Commentaries (Rashi, Ibn Ezra, etc.), Midrash, Targums, Talmud, Kabbalah, a lexicon, and a Hebrew grammar.

Morphologically Tagged Texts

• Nestle 1904 Greek New Testament
  • biblicalhumanities (CSV): Nestle 1904, tagged using MorphGNT conventions.
• SBLGNT Greek New Testament
  • MorphGNT (Plain text in columns): SBLGNT, done by MorphGNT, the first initiative to produce truly open high quality morphologies for the Greek New Testament.
• Westcott-Hort
  • Westcott-Hort: Westcott-Hort, as edited by Joshua Grauman.
• Tischendorff Greek New Testament
  • MorphGNT (Plain text in columns): Tischendorff, done by MorphGNT.
• Rahlf’s Septuagint
  • CCAT LXX (Plain text in columns). Not freely licensed, see this license and this user agreement.
  • Unbound Bible. Downloadable texts in a variety of formats, including Unicode and morphology.
• Swete’s Septuagint
  • An openly licensed morphologically tagged Swete’s Septuagint is under development. Contact James Tauber for details.
• Coptic Scriptorium
  • Coptic Scriptorium (XML): Coptic corpus with morphology and phrasing. Freely licensed, data available on Github.
• Hebrew Old Testament
  • Shebanq (SQL): Hebrew Old Testament, SQL database data.

Treebanks

• Nestle 1904 Greek New Testament
  • Global Bible Initiative (XML): High quality treebank using HPSG constituent grammar.
  • Lowfat (XML): Lowfat trees transformed from GBI trees to make them easier to query. XML text.
• SBLGNT Greek New Testament
  • Global Bible Initiative (XML): High quality treebank using HPSG constituent grammar.
  • Lowfat (XML): Lowfat trees transformed from GBI trees to make them easier to query.
• Tischendorff Greek New Testament
  • PROIEL (XML): High quality dependency trees in an eclectic and expressive format. Part of a parallel corpus of old Indo-European Bible translations, including Greek, Armenian, Gothic, Old Church Slavonic, and Latin.
• Hebrew Old Testament
  • Shebanq (SQL): Hebrew Old Testament, SQL database data.

Discourse Analysis

• Levinsohn’s Greek New Testament Discourse Features
  • Levinsohn: Stephen Levinsohn’s complete discourse features markup of the Greek New Testament (UBS4/NA27). Released by SIL International and Paul O’Rear, and recognized as the 2016 Dataset of the Year.

Lexicons

• Abbott-Smith
  • Translatable Exegetical Tools (TEI XML): Probably the best quality lexicon in the public domain.
• Dodson
  • biblicalhumanities (CSV, XML): This lexicon has simple glosses and short definitions. Originally developed by Jeffrey Dodson, released to the public domain.
• Liddell-Scott-Jones
  • Perseus Lexica (TEI XML): The Great Scott, a massive and extremely useful lexicon. The version currently used on Perseus, converted to Unicode, can be found in Giuseppe Celano’s repository. (The smaller “Middle Liddell” is also available from Perseus.)
• Mounce Lexicon
  • Mounce (JSON): Mounce’s Concise Greek-English Dictionary of Biblical Greek.
• Strong’s Dictionary
  • MorphGNT (XML): One of the most commonly used lexicons, keyed to Strong’s Numbers for easy cross reference.
• Hebrew Lexicon
  • Shebanq (XML): A Hebrew lexicon from the Shebanq project.

Grammars and Paradigms

• Greek Syntax
  • Rydberg-Cox(XML): Jeffrey A. Rydberg-Cox, Overview of Greek Syntax. Extremely useful summaries of Greek syntax, easily integrated into a reading environment.
• Greek Paradigms
  • Masternarde (HTML, PDF): Ancient Greek Tutorials, by Donald J. Mastronarde with the assistance of the Berkeley Language Center of the University of California, Berkeley. ©1999-2005 The Regents of the University of California. Copyright prevents free distribution, but this can be useful for producing resources.
• Gesenius’ Hebrew Grammar
  • Gesenius: An old classic reference grammar.

Commentaries, Secondary Literature, and Other Resources

• Lace
  • Lace(hOCR): Contains a massive number of Greek texts in hOCR format, including several scholarly commentaries on the Greek text of each New Testament book, Septuagint resources, Cramer’s Catenae, Migne, the Sophocles lexicon, and many other resources that are just begging for the community to adopt and do manual editing.
• Bible Support
  • Bible Support (e-Sword modules): Contains some very useful commentaries and dictionaries.